Fig. 4. The effects of GDM on Akt, AMPK-ACC and MAPK in the hearts of offspring. Male offspring cardiac (A) p-Akt, Akt; (B) p-AMPK, AMPK; (C) p-ACC, ACC; (D) p-Erk (1/2), Erk (1/2) and (e) p-JNK, JNK were determined by Western blotting. The results are the mean ± SEM; n≥4 per group. *p<0.05 vs. CON.